Basta

Basta

1 Trade name	Manufacturer	Form
AC CAPO 200 HERBICIDE	AXICHEM PTY LTD	SL
AW COLTURA 200 HERBICIDE	AGRI WEST PTY LIMITED	SL
BASTA NON-SELECTIVE HERBICIDE	BAYER CROPSCIENCE PTY LTD	SL
BIFFO NON-SELECTIVE HERBICIDE	CROP CARE AUSTRALASIA PTY LTD	SL
CROP CULTURE GUILLOTINE HERBICIDE	CROP CULTURE PTY LTD	SL
EXILE HERBICIDE	AGRICROP PTY LTD	SL
FINALE NON-SELECTIVE HERBICIDE	BAYER CROPSCIENCE PTY LTD	LC
IGNITE HERBICIDE	BAYER CROPSCIENCE PTY LTD	AC
IMTRADE CEASE HERBICIDE	IMTRADE AUSTRALIA PTY LTD	AC
LIBERTY 150 HERBICIDE	BAYER CROPSCIENCE PTY LTD	SL
LIBERTY 200 HERBICIDE	BAYER CROPSCIENCE PTY LTD	SL
LIBERTY HERBICIDE	BAYER CROPSCIENCE PTY LTD	AC

2 PRICE:

$20.95

3 ACTIVE INGREDIENTS: Glufosinate-ammonium 200 g/L.

It is usually formulated with a surfactant. It is soluble and usually formulated as a water based solution (aqeous concentrate) with surfactant. Basta contains 30% surfactant.
Structural formula

4 CHEMICAL GROUP: N.

Glycine.

5 RELATED HERBICIDES:

Basta

Glufosinate 200g/L

6 GENERAL DESCRIPTION:

A none selective, non residual, non volatile, broad spectrum, contact herbicide. Initially its major use was as a directed spray under bananas, grape vines and fruit trees. It is now registered for use in many crops as a pre-planting or directed spray.

7 APPLICATION METHODS AND TIPS:

Best results in warm weather on actively growing weeds.
Avoid spraying stressed, frost affected or diseased plants.
Ensure good coverage, especially on dense stands.
Avoid spraying green or young bark on desirable plants.
Use a minimum of 100 L/ha of water for application by boom spray.
Rainfast in 6 hours.
Do not apply when temperatre is more than 33⁰C with a relative humidity of less than 50%.
Damage to transplants may occur from herbicide residue in fumigated soils or situations where microbial activity is very low.
It may remain active on inert surfaces such as plastic mulch and foliage contacting the surface may be damaged.
Check MRLs for export before using on crops destined for export.

8 WEATHER:

Rainfast in hours.
Frost effects:
Wind:
Inversions:
Temperature:
Delta T and relative humidity: Avoid application when Delta T is greater than
Soil moisture at application:

9 ADJUVANTS:

Wetting agents: A wetting agent is included in most formulations. Extra wetting agent is only likely to be required for high volme or low rate applications or on hard-to-wet weeds.
Spray oils:

10 WATER QUALITY:

Glufosinate-ammonium tolerates the normal range of water qualities found in field situations.
Hard water: Up to 200 ppm total soluble salts has little effect on activity. Di and tri valent ions such as calcium, magnesium, aluminium and iron seem to have the greatest effect. High levels iron appear to have the greatest effect.
Colloids: It is loosely bound to clay and organic matter in water but this is rarely a problem in the field unless very dirty water is used. Clearing of water with alum is not recommended as the alum is likely to have a greater negative effect than the clays.
pH in the range of 4-9 has little effect.
In rainwater, glufosinate-ammonium should have a long tank life.

11 COMPATIBILITY:

Trace elements.
See HerbiGuide Compatibilities button.

12 EQUIPMENT:

Boom sprays:

Carrier volume: 100 L/ha on young weeds. 500-1000 L/ha on large and dense stands of weeds. Coverage is more important than volume of application.
Nozzles: Flat fan.
Pressure: 150-400 kPa.

Hand sprays:

Hollow cone nozzles are recommended.

Controlled Dropplet Application (CDA)

Apply with equipment with solid rather than bristle skirts.
Use carrier volumes of 20-30 L/ha when weeds are 10-15 cm tall and have skirt just touching the top of the weeds.
Avoid getting spray on green or uncalloused trunks.
CDA application is not recommended in cherry orchards.

Aerial Application:

Not generally registered for aerial application because high water rates and good coverage are required.

13 SPRAYER DECONTAMINATION:

Clean Up:
Remove filters and clean separately. Tripple rinse with water or water plus 0.25% wetting agent and run through nozzles.
Decontamination:
Remove filters and clean separately.
Rinse with water and drain.
Quarter fill the tank with an alkali detergent (eg 500 mL or g of Drive, Dynamo, Omo, or Surf per 100 L water) and circulate for at least 15 minutes then run through boom. Rinse twice with water.

14 HERBICIDE RESISTANCE:

There are no poplations of weeds that have been reported as developing resistance to glufosinate-ammonium in Australia, however, tolerant plants are expected to occur and may dominate the weed population after repeated applications.
There are genes that have been used produce crops that tolerate glufosinate-ammonim.

15 REPLANTING INTERVALS:

Crop

Time

16 WITHHOLDING PERIODS:

Crop	Type	Time (days)
Avocado	Grazing	56
Avocado	Harvest	0
Banana	Grazing	56
Banana	Harvest	0
Berries and other small fruits including grapes.	Grazing	56
Berries and other small fruits including grapes.	Harvest	0
Blackberry	Grazing	56
Blackberry	Harvest	0
Boysenberry	Grazing	56
Boysenberry	Harvest	0
Citrus fruits	Grazing	56
Citrus fruits	Harvest	0
Feijoa	Grazing	56
Feijoa	Harvest	0
Grapes	Grazing	56
Grapes	Harvest	0
Guava	Grazing	56
Guava	Harvest	0
Kiwifruit	Grazing	56
Kiwifruit	Harvest	0
Litchi	Grazing	56
Litchi	Harvest	0
Loganberry	Grazing	56
Loganberry	Harvest	0
Mango	Grazing	56
Mango	Harvest	0
Passionfruit	Grazing	56
Passionfruit	Harvest	0
Pasture	Grazing	56
Pawpaw	Grazing	56
Pawpaw	Harvest	0
Pineapple	Harvest	0
Pineapple	Harvest	56
Pome fruits	Grazing	56
Pome fruits	Harvest	21
Raspberry	Grazing	56
Raspberry	Harvest	0
Stone fruits	Grazing	56
Stone fruits	Harvest	21
Strawberry	Grazing	56
Strawberry	Harvest	0
Tomato	Grazing	56
Tomato	Harvest	0
Tree nuts	Grazing	56
Tree nuts	Harvest	0
Tropical and sub tropical fruits with inedible peel.	Grazing	56
Tropical and sub tropical fruits with inedible peel.	Harvest	0

Residues of glufosinate-ammonium have not been found in produce under normal use patterns.

17 RE-ENTRY PERIOD:

Wear protective clothing if in contact with the crop before the spray has dried.

18 PROTECTIVE CLOTHING:

Overalls, boots and washable hat. Use gloves and face shield when handling the concentrate.

19 SOIL:

It is not directly affected by soil type. Indirectly soil type may affect the level of stress of the plant which may affect control.

20 MODE OF ACTION:

Uptake and translocation:

It is absorbed by leaves through water channels in the waxy cuticle. 15-50% of the applied glufosinate-ammonium is absorbed in the forst 2 hours and 20-80% in the first 8 hours. The speed and extent of absorption depends on plant species, stage of growth, temperature, humidity and the amount of herbicide applied.
Translocation is very limited with some movement around the leaf or between leaves or in passive water movement around the plant. 0.3-2.3% of the applied glufosinate-ammonium is typically translocated to the roots. In some perennial plants (e.g. Blady Grass) this may be enough to reduce rhizome regrowth but generally the amount translocated is insufficient for control of weeds. Likewise, damage to plants that only have a small portion of their foliage sprayed is generally limited to the sprayed foliage. It is classed as a contact herbicide and good coverage is usually reqired for good control.

Physiological effects:

In plants nitrate is absorbed from the soil and forms ammonim which combines with glutamate to form the amino acid glutamine in the presence of the enzyme glutamine synthetase. Glphosinate-ammonium disrupts the action of glutamine synthetase. This reslts in a build up of ammonia in the plant and reduced glutamine production which subsequently stops photosynthesis. The plant dies from a combination of ammonia toxicity and a lack of carbohydrate from photoynthesis. Ammonim levels start to increase soon after application. Photosynthesis starts to decrease about 2 hours after application and has usually stopped by 8 hours after application.

Residual Life and Breakdown:

Essential non residual and breaks down quickly with a soil half life of 1-3 weeks. See 27 Environmental fate for breakdown process.

History:

A new amino acid, phosphinothrycin, was discovered in bacteria (Steptomyces viridochromogenes) in 1971 and its herbicidal activity discovered by Hoechst Ag in 1976. A synthetic form was produced and bound to ammonium to form the active ingredient. It was launched in Australia in 1990.

21 SELECTIVITY:

Crop tolerance:

Varietal sensitivities:

Effect on Clover Species:

Effect on Medic Species:

Effect on Lucerne:

Effect on Native Plants:

22 DISEASE AND INSECT EFFECTS:

23 PLANT SYMPTOMS:

Plant growth stops a soon after application. In warm conditions a general yellowing can be seen within a day or two then dead patches on the foliage or leaf tips start to appear as the plant wilts and dies in 1-3 weeks. In cool conditions these symptoms may take twice as long to appear. The symptoms are generally slower to appear than those of the bipyridyl herbicides (paraqat, diqat and Spray.Seed) and faster than glyphosate (Roundup). It usually only affects green vegetation contacted by the spray.

SECONDARY EFFECTS:

24 TOXICITY:

Summary: Harmful if absorbed by skin contact or swallowed. Will irritate eyes and skin.

Details:

Poison schedule: S5.
Mammalian toxicity:
Acute oral LD50: 2170 mg/kg (male rat), 1910 mg/kg (female rat) [For comparison table salt is 3000 mg/kg]
Acute dermal LD50: 1400 mg/kg (male rat). 1380 mg/kg (female rat).
Skin: Slightly irritating. May irritate skin.
Eye: Moderately irritating. May irritate eyes.
Vapour inhalation: LC50 > mg/L air (rat).
Chronic oral toxicity: NOEL mg/kg for two years.
Not carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic in animal studies (i.e. does not cause cancer or reproductive problems).
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI):

Other Species:

Birds: Low toxicity. LD50 > 2000 mg/kg (quail).
Fish: moderate toxicity. LC50 > 14 mg/L.
Invertebrates: toxicity.
Bees: Non toxic.
Arthropods: toxicity.
Earthworms: Non toxic.
Algae:

25 TOXICITY SYMPTOMS:

26 FIRST AID:

If SWALLOWED: Do NOT give anything by mouth to a semiconscious or unconscious patient.
If in EYES: Irrigate with plenty of water.
If on SKIN: Rinse with plenty of water, remove contaminated clothing, wash with soap and water.
If INHALED: Remove patient to fresh air. See a doctor.
Advice to doctor: Treat symptomatically.
Contact the Poisons Information Centre on 131126.

27 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE:

It has a half life in soil of 1-3 weeks. It is broken down mainly by microorganisms. The major metabolite produced during breakdown of glufosinate-ammonium is MPPA (methyl-phosphinicopropionic acid) and this has a half life of about 30 days. The final breakdown products are CO² and other products that are bound by the soil or within microorganisms.
Half life in water: 20-300 days depending on biological activity. pH has little effect. Little hydrolysis.
It has an EPA classification for soil mobility that ranges from
Glufosinate-ammonium and its degradation products are loosely adsorbed by clay.
Ground water contamination is unlikely despite the solubility of glufosinate-ammonium and some of its breakdown products because they a degraded relatively quickly. Field studies show that that residues are only fond in the top 20 cm of the soil profile.
Glufosinate-ammonium is stable in clean water with a half life of more than 300 days. In biologically active water the half life is around 20 days.
Replanting intervals
Accumulation in milk and tissues.

28 REGISTERED CROPS:

See HerbiGuide Species Solution tab.

29 REGISTERED WEEDS:

See HerbiGuide Species Solution tab.

30 REGULATION AND LEGAL:

UN number:
CAS numbers:
Hazchem code: Not classified as a dangeros good.
NOHSC classification:
Land transport:
Dangerous goods class: Not classified as a dangeros good.
Sea transport:
Proper shipping name:
Class:
Packaging group:
EPG:

31 PROPERTIES:

Colour: Blue liquid.
Odour: Weakly pungent.
Form: Liquid. Aqueous concentrate.
Chemical name:
IUPAC
ammonium - DL - homoalanin - 4 yl (methyl) phosphinate
CAS
Ammonium 4 - [hydroxy (methyl) phosphinol] - DL - homoalinate
Empirical formula: C₅H₁₅N₂O₄P
Water solubility: mg/L at 25 C at pH ; Soluble.
Oil solubility:
Octanol:Water ratio: LogPow = at 25 C at pH 5;
Soil organic carbon absorption coefficient (Koc):
Vapour Pressure: at 25 C. Non volatile.
Dissociation constant: pKa
Melting point: C.
Boiling point: C.
Molecular weight:
Bulk density: 1.11 g cm^-3at 20⁰C.
Specific gravity: 1.11.
pH:
Flammability: Non flammable. Combustible.
Flashpoint: >60-65⁰C (open).
Autoignition: C.
Corrosivity: Corrosive to steel and alminiium. Non corrosive to glass. Stainless steel and high density polyethylene. The spray mixture is not corrosive to galvanised steel, copper or polyethylene spray equipment.
Shelf Life: At least 2 years.
(When Stored under Ideal Conditions)

33 REFERENCES:

AgrEvo 1994.

Anonymous (1990). Basta Technical Guide. Aventis CropScience Pty Ltd, Hawthotn East, Victoria, Australia.

Bayer Crop Science (2005). Basta label, 31998/0705.

Acknowledgments:

Collated by HerbiGuide. For more information see www.herbiguide.com.au or phone 08 98444064.