Lightning is a broad spectrum, residual herbicide that is mainly used in IT (imidazolinone tolerant or ClearfieldTM) crops. It is usually applied at the early post emergence stage and is absorbed through both leaves and roots.
7 APPLICATION METHODS AND TIPS:
Use a crop oil for post emergence applications. In warm conditions HastenTM or KwickinTM are recommended by BASF to reduce crop phytotoxicity.
For best results apply in fine weather when the soil is moist and rain or irrigation follows within a few days.
10 WATER QUALITY:
Hard water
Colloids
pH
11 COMPATIBILITY:
Trace elements.
14 HERBICIDE RESISTANCE:
Repeated applications are likely to lead to resistance in a number of grass and broadleaf species. This product will not control group B tolerant weeds.
18 PROTECTIVE CLOTHING:
Wear goggles when handling the concentrate.
19 SOIL:
Acid soils tend to have greater absorption of imazethapyr which increases it persistence in the soil. On high pH soils imazethapyr has greater initial soil activity.
20 MODE OF ACTION:
Uptake and translocation:
Absorbed by roots and shoots and translocated throughout the plant. It inhibits the acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme which inhibits the production of several essential amino acids.
Physiological effects:
Both components inhibit the acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme.
Residual Life and Breakdown:
Selectivity:
Non selective. It will kill most plants that are not tolerant to group B herbicides or have been bred for group B tolerance.
23 PLANT SYMPTOMS:
Plants stop growing soon after application of the herbicide. They often turn red to purple or yellow before the growing points die leading to overall death of the plant or it may remain alive with stunted growth.
Seeds will germinate after spraying and may grow to the 2 leaf stage before showing purpling, yellowing and cessation of growth.
Crops may show transient yellowing and slowing of growth but this rarely affects yield. Severe crop damage will occur on varieties that have not been selected or bred for group B herbicide tolerance.
SECONDARY EFFECTS:
24 TOXICITY:
S5
Summary:
Low toxicity.
Details:
Mammalian toxicity -
Acute oral LD50 - >5000 mg/kg (rats), [For comparison table salt is 3000 mg/kg]
Acute dermal LD50 - >2000 mg/kg (rat).
Skin - Slightly irritating.
Eye - Will damage eyes.
Vapour inhalation - Practically non toxic. LC50 - >2.5 mg/L air (rat).
Chronic oral toxicity NOEL - ppm for two years.
Not mutagenic or teratogenic (i.e. does not cause cancer or reproductive problems).
Other Species -
Birds - toxicity.
Fish - toxicity LC50 > ppm.
Invertebrates - toxicity.
Bees - toxicity.
25 TOXICITY SYMPTOMS:
26 FIRST AID:
If swallowed: Contact a doctor or poisons information centre on 131126.
If in Eyes: Wash out immediately with water. Contact a doctor if irritation persists.
If on skin: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash immediately with soap and water. Contact a doctor if irritation persists.
If inhaled: Remove patient to fresh air.
Advice to doctor: Treat symptomatically. No specific antidote.
27 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE:
It has a half life in soil of many months.
It has an EPA classification for soil mobility that ranges from
Ground water contamination
Replanting intervals can be long for some crops and may exceed 27 months.
Accumulation in milk and tissues.
31 PROPERTIES:
Water solubility at 25 C. - dispersible.
Oil solubility -
Octanol:Water ratio at 25 C. - at pH 5;
Vapour Pressure at 25 C - Not applicable.
Dissociation constant - pKa
Melting point - Not applicable.
Molecular weight -
Half life in water - days at pH5 and 35 C.
Bulk density - 507 kg/m3.
Flashpoint - Not applicable. Not flammable.
33 REFERENCES:
Ashton, F.M. and Crafts, A.S. (1981) Mode of Action of Herbicides. (Wiley-Interscience publication).
Kearney, P.C. and Kaufman, D.D. (1976). Herbicides. Chemistry, degradation and mode of action. Vol 1 & 2.
BASF literature.
Field Crop Herbicide Information:
Lightning
2. Concentration of Active Constituent : Imazethapyr 525 g/kg + Imazapyr 175 g/kg + surfactants 190 g/kg.
Trade Name : Lightning
3. Formulation : Water dispersible granule.
4. Poison Schedule : 5
6. Product colour :
7. Product Flammability :
8. Dangerous Goods Class : Not applicable
9. Shelf Life : years.
10. Mixtures Compatibility : See HerbiGuide
11. Registered Crop(s) : See HerbiGuide
12. Effect of Soil Texture on Herbicide : As the organic matter and clay content increases the proportion of Lightning absorbed increases.
13. Effect of Soil pH on Herbicide : Acid soils tend to have greater absorption of imazethapyr which increases it persistence in the soil. On high pH soils imazethapyr has greater initial soil activity.
14. Effect of Soil Organic Matter on Herbicide :
15. Mode of Action : Root and shoot absorbed and translocated. Inhibits the ALS enzyme.
16. Application Timing : Mainly used as an early post emergence application but it also has good pre emergence activity.
17. Rate Variations : See HerbiGuide
18. Rates Selection : See HerbiGuide
19. Weeds Controlled : Wide range.
20. Effect on Crop : Little effect on ClearfieldTM crops.
21. Effect on Legume Species : Usually provides partial control of legumes.
22. Soil Moisture at Application :
DRY - Increased binding to soil under dry conditions usually leads to poorer weed control.
MOIST - Ideal
WATERLOGGED - Crops stressed by waterlogging may be damaged.
23. Frost Effects : Don't apply to crops stressed by frost.
24. Frost Free Days Required After Application :
25. Effect of Application Water Quality on Herbicide :
Saline Water -
Soil Colloids -
26. Recommended Water Volume : 50 L/ha
27. Nozzle Type : Flat fan.
28. Recommended Nozzle Pressure : 200-300 kPa
29. Recommended Filter Size : 100 mesh or mesh size as suitable for nozzle being used.
30. Recommended Wetter: Hasten or Kwickin recommended by BASF.
31. Other Additives :
32. Rain Fastness : 1 hours.
33. Time Interval Before Effect is Noticed :
34. Weed Symptoms : Red or purple discolouration followed by death of the growing points.
35. Effect of Herbicide/Disease Interaction on Crop : Don't use on crops severely stressed by nutrients or herbicides.
36. Withholding Period : 28 days.
37. Plant-Back Period : Up to 27 months.
Spray Tank Clean-Up : Drain tank and flush with clean water for a minimum of 10 minutes. Fill the tank with clean water and
Remove the nozzles and screens and clean separately.
39. Other Comments :
Numbered data adapted from "Crop Herbicide Information"
courtesy of A.J. Chambers, Vic. Dept of Food & Agric.
Acknowledgments:
Collated by HerbiGuide. For more information see www.herbiguide.com.au or phone 08 98444064.