Propanil

Propanil

1 Trade name	Manufacturer	Form
NUFARM PROPANIL HERBICIDE	NUFARM AUSTRALIA LIMITED	LC
STAM HERBICIDE	UNITED PHOSPHORUS LTD.	EC

STAM is distributed by DowAgrsciences
Previously sold as Ronacil.

2 PRICE:

$25.3

3 ACTIVE INGREDIENTS: Propanil 360 g/L

4 CHEMICAL GROUP: C

Acetimide group. Inhibitors of photsynthesis at photosystem II.

5 RELATED HERBICIDES:

Ametryn 500	Ametryn 500g/L
Atrazine 500 Flowable	Atrazine 500-600g/L
Atrazine 900 Granules	Atrazine 900g/kg
Atrazine plus Simazine	Atrazine 250g/L + simazine 250g/L
Basagran	Bentazone 480g/L
Betanal	Phenmedipham 157g/L
Bromacil 800	Bromacil 800g/kg
Bromoxynil 200	Bromoxynil 200g/L
Chloridazon	Chloridazon 650g/kg
Cyanazine 900	Cyanazine 900g/kg
Diuron 500 Flowable	Diuron 500g/L
Diuron 900 Wettable Granules	Diuron 900g/kg
Forest Mix	Atrazine 620g/kg + hexazinone 210 g/kg
Forest Mix Granules	Atrazine 150g/kg + hexazinone 50 g/kg
Gesagard 500 SC	Prometryn 500g/L
Graslan	Tebuthiuron 200g/kg
Ioxynil	Ioxynil 250g/L
Lexone plus Simazine	Metribuzin + simazine
Lexone plus Tribunil	Metribuzin 140g/kg + Methabenzthiazuron 560g/kg
Linuron 500	Linuron 500g/L or 500g/kg
Metribuzin 750	Metribuzin 750g/kg
Prometryn 900	Prometryn 900g/kg
Propanil	Propanil 360 g/L
Sencor 480	Metribuzin 480g/L
Simazine Flowable 500	Simazine 500g/L
Simazine Granules 900	Simazine 900g/kg
Terbacil 800	Terbacil 800g/kg
Terbuthylazine	Terbuthylazine 750 g/kg
Terbutryn 500	Terbutryn 500g/L
Tough	Pyridate 450g/L
Tribunil	Methabenzthiazuron 700g/kg
Velpar	Hexazinone 750g/kg

6 GENERAL DESCRIPTION:

A post emergence, contact herbicide for the control of Barnyard Grass in Rice.

7 APPLICATION METHODS AND TIPS:

Do not apply within 14 days of insectides or serious damage to Rice crops may occur. Carbaryl and organophosphates have caused the most damage.
Avoid applying other pesticides or liquid fertilisers within 14 days of application of propanil unless it has been locally proven as safe.
Best results on young actively growing weeds. Ensure thorough coverage as this is a contact herbicide.
Avoid spraying stressed Rice crops.
Flood rice then thoroughly drain before application then flood 1-5 days after application.

8 WEATHER:

Rainfast in 3-6 hours.
Frost effects:
Wind:
Inversions: Avoid application under low level inversion conditions to reduce the risk of drift.
Temperature: Ideal temperature is 25⁰C.
Delta T and relative humidity: Avoid application when Delta T is greater than
Soil moisture at application:
Can be applied to crops that are wet with dew or dry.

9 ADJUVANTS:

Wetting agents: Not required.
Spray oils: Not required.

10 WATER QUALITY:

Hard water:
Salty water:
Colloids:
pH:
Tank life: 1 day. Half life in water is 2 days.

11 COMPATIBILITY:

Trace elements.
See HerbiGuide Compatibilities button.

12 EQUIPMENT:

Boom sprays:

Carrier volume: 110-275 L/ha recommended on label.
Nozzles: Flat fan.
Pressure: 150-400 kPa.
Droplet size: 150-250 micron VMD.

Aerial application:

Carrier volume: 55-110 L/ha recommended on label.
Nozzles: Flat fan or aerial nozzles.
Pressure: 150-400 kPa.
Droplet size: 150-200 micron VMD.

Hi volume

Carrier volume: 500-2000 L/ha.
Nozzles:
Pressure: 150-400 kPa.

13 SPRAYER DECONTAMINATION:

Clean Up:
Clean soon after spraying to reduce the risk of forming dried deposits that may be difficult to remove.
Remove filters and clean separately. Triple rinse with water or water plus 0.25% wetting agent and run through boom.
Decontamination:
Remove filters and clean separately.
Rinse with water and drain.
Quarter fill the tank with an alkali detergent (eg 500 mL or g of Drive, Dynamo, Omo, or Surf per 100 L water) and circulate for at least 15 minutes then run through boom. Rinse twice with water.

14 HERBICIDE RESISTANCE:

Tolerant plants are expected to occur and may dominate the weed population after repeated applications.

15 REPLANTING INTERVALS:

Crop	Time
All	None required.

16 WITHHOLDING PERIODS:

Crop	Type	Time
All	Grazing	Not required when used as directed.
All	Harvest	Not required when used as directed.

17 RE-ENTRY PERIOD:

Wear protective clothing if in contact with the crop before the spray has dried.

18 PROTECTIVE CLOTHING:

Overalls, boots and washable hat. Use gloves and face shield when handling the concentrate.
If vapour is enough to cause eye discomfort then use a full face respirator.

19 SOIL:

Soil texture:
Soil pH:
Soil organic matter:

20 MODE OF ACTION:

Uptake and translocation:

Contact.

Physiological effects:

Residual Life and Breakdown:

Short residual life in water and soil.

21 SELECTIVITY:

Crop tolerance:

Transient leaf burn or yellowing of Rice crops may occur after application.

Varietal sensitivities:

Effect on Clover Species:

Effect on Medic Species:

Effect on Lucerne:

Effect on Native Plants:

22 DISEASE AND INSECT EFFECTS:

23 PLANT SYMPTOMS:

SECONDARY EFFECTS:

24 TOXICITY:

Summary:

Harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through skin. Irritating to eyes.

Details:

Poison schedule: S5
Mammalian toxicity: Low to moderate.
Acute oral LD50(rat): 1420-1580 mg/kg (males) and 960-1090 mg/kg (females). [For comparison table salt is 3000 mg/kg]. Low toxicity if swallowed.
Acute dermal LD50: >5000 mg/kg (rabbit).
Skin: Brief contact may cause moderate skin irritation with local redness. May cause drying and flaking of the skin. Prolonged skin contact is unlikely to result in absorption of harmful amounts. The LD50 for skin absorption in rabbits is >5000 mg/kg.
Eye: May cause severe eye irritation with corneal injury. Vapour may cause eye irritation experienced as mild discomfort and redness.
Vapour inhalation: LC50 > mg/L air (rat).
Excessive exposure may cause irritation to upper respiratory tract (nose and throat) and lungs.
Chronic oral toxicity: NOEL mg/kg for two years.
Not mutagenic or teratogenic in animal studies (i.e. does not cause reproductive problems in animal tests).
Carcinogenicity: Propanil has caused cancer in laboratory animals. Isophorone has caused cancer in some laboratory animals. For methyl isobutyl ketone, kidney effects and/or tumours have been observed in male rats. These effects are believed to be species specific and unlikely to occur in humans.
Systemic and other target organ effects: Excessive exposure to propanil may cause methemoglobinemia, thereby impairing the blood's ability to transport oxygen. Excessive exposure may cause haemolysis, thereby impairing the blood's ability to transport oxygen. In animals, effects have been reported on the following organs: blood, liver, and male reproductive organs. Excessive exposure to methyl isobutyl ketone may cause respiratory irritation, gastrointestinal distress, anaesthesia, and kidney and liver effects.
NOEL: 20 mg/kg/day.
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI): 0.2 mg/kg/day.

Other Species:

Toxic to fish.
Birds: Moderate toxicity on acute basis and slightly toxic on a dietry basis. LD50 is between 51 and 500 mg/kg. LC50 is between 1001 and 5000 mg/kg.
Fish: High toxicity LC50 > 170 mg/L (Rainbow Trout). LC50(96 hour) < 3.7 mg/L (Bluegill). LC50 for sensitive species = 0.1-1 mg/L.
Invertebrates: toxicity.
Bees: toxicity.
Arthropods: toxicity.
Earthworms:
Algae:

25 TOXICITY SYMPTOMS:

May cause severe eye irritation with corneal injury.
Vapour may cause eye or throat irritation, experienced as mild discomfort and redness.
Excessive exposure by inhalation may cause irritation to upper respiratory tract (nose and throat) and lungs.
Symptoms of excessive exposure may be anaesthetic or narcotic effects; dizziness and drowsiness may be observed.

26 FIRST AID:

If SWALLOWED: Do NOT induce vomiting. Give a glass of water to sip. Do NOT give anything by mouth to a semiconscious or unconscious patient.
If in EYES: Irrigate with plenty of water for 5 minutes, remove contact lense if present and irrigate eyes for another 10 minutes. Obtain medical attention without delay as corneal injury may occur.
If on SKIN: Rinse with plenty of water, remove contaminated clothing, wash with soap and water. Call a doctor if irritation occurs.
If INHALED: Remove patient to fresh air. Supply oxygen if breathing is difficult. If effects occur see a doctor.
Advice to doctor: If lavage is performed, suggest endotracheal and/or oesophageal control. Danger from lung aspiration must be weighed against toxicity when considering emptying the stomach. Maintain adequate ventilation and oxygenation of the patient. Administer 100% oxygen to relieve headache and a general sense of weakness. Determine methemoglobin concentration of blood every 3 to 6 hours for first 24 hours. It should return to normal within 24 hours. The treatment of toxic methemoglobinemia may include the intravenous administration of methylene blue.
Persons receiving significant exposure should be observed 24-48 hours for signs of respiratory distress.
Contact the Poisons Information Centre on 131126.

27 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE:

Half life in soil: 1-2 days.
Half life in water: 2 days days.
It has an EPA classification for soil mobility that ranges from
Potential for mobility in soil is medium (Koc is between 150 and 500).
Ground water contamination: Low likelihood of leaching or surface runoff due to rapid degradation.
Accumulation in milk and tissues.
pH stability: Stable.
Photolysis rate:
Hydrolysis half life:
Biodegradation rate: Rapid.
Accumulation: Bioconcentration potential for propanil is moderate (BCF is between 100 and 3000 or Log Pow between 3 and 5).
Bioconcentration potential for solvents is high (BCF is >3000 or Log Pow between 5 and 7).

28 REGISTERED CROPS:

See HerbiGuide Species Solution tab.

29 REGISTERED WEEDS:

See HerbiGuide Species Solution tab.

30 REGULATION AND LEGAL:

UN number: 1993.
CAS numbers: Propanil 000709-98-8. Isophorone 000078-59-1. Methyl isobutyl ketone 000108-10-1.
OPP Chemical Code:
Hazchem code: 2[Y]E
NOHSC classification:
Land transport:
Dangerous goods class (ADG): 3.
Sea transport:
Proper shipping name: Flammable Liquid, N.O.S. (contains Ketones)
International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG):
Class: 3.
Packaging group: III.
EPG:
Risk phrases:
R20 - Harmful by inhalation.
R22 - Harmful if swallowed.
R36 - Irritating to eyes.
R65 - Harmful: May cause lung damage if swallowed.
Safety phrases:

31 PROPERTIES:

Colour: Black to brown liquid.
Odour: Sweet
Form: Liquid.
Chemical name: Propanil.
Empirical formula:
IUPAC
CAS: 000709-98-8.
Water solubility: Product dispersible. Propanil 130 mg/L. Medium to high.
Oil solubility:
Octanol:Water ratio: LogPow = 3-5.
Soil organic carbon absorption coefficient (Koc): 149-500 mL/g. Weak to medium
Vapour Pressure: Low at 25 C.
Vapour density:
Dissociation constant: pKa
Melting point: C.
Boiling point: C.
Molecular weight:
Bulk density:
Specific gravity: 1.07-1.08.
Viscosity: 50 CPS.
pH:
Flammability: Flammable liquid 3.
Flashpoint: 43⁰C (Methyl isobutyl ketone).
Lower Explosive Limit: 0.8% (Isophorone).
Upper Explosive Limit: 7.5% (Methyl isobutyl ketone).
Autoignition: 375⁰C (Methyl isobutyl ketone).
Corrosivity:
Shelf Life: years.
(When Stored under Ideal Conditions)

32 SPILLS:

Extinguish possible sources of ignition.
Absorb spill with earth, sand, clay or absorbent material such as vermiculite.
Ventilate area after cleanup.
Wash area with water and detergent.

33 FIRE:

Extinguish with water spray, foam, carbon dioxide or dry agent.
Toxic fumes may be released in fire. Wear breathing apparatus or avoid smoke.
Not known to polymerize.

34 COMMENTS:

35 REFERENCES:

Ashton, F.M. and Crafts, A.S. (1981) Mode of Action of Herbicides. (Wiley-Interscience publication).

Kearney, P.C. and Kaufman, D.D. (1976). Herbicides. Chemistry, degradation and mode of action. Vol 1 & 2.

Dow AgroSciences (2004) Stam MSDS

Dow AgroSciences (2004) Stam label.

Acknowledgments:

Collated by HerbiGuide. For more information see www.herbiguide.com.au or phone 08 98444064.