| 1 Trade name | Manufacturer | Form |
| TRISTAR ADVANCE SELECTIVE HERBICIDE | BAYER CROPSCIENCE PTY LTD | EC |
2 PRICE:
| $23.04 | /L |
3 ACTIVE INGREDIENTS: Diclofop 250g/L + fenoxaprop 13g/L + mefenpyr 7g/L
4 CHEMICAL GROUP: A5 RELATED HERBICIDES:
| Aramo | Tepraloxydim 200g/L |
| Butroxydim 250 | Butroxydim 250g/kg |
| Cheetah | Diclofop200+Fenxaprop13.6+Sethoxydim20g/L+mefenpyr |
| Correct | Propaquizafop 100g/L |
| Diclofop plus sethoxydim | Diclofop 200g/L + sethoxydim 20g/L |
| Diclofop-methyl 375 | Diclofop methyl 375g/L |
| Fluazifop | Fluazifop-p 128g/L |
| Fluazifop | Fluazifop-p 212g/L or kg |
| Fusion | Butroxydim 250g/kg + fluazifop 212g/kg |
| Haloxyfop 130 | Haloxyfop 130 g/L |
| Motsa | Clethodim 200g/L + haloxyfop 50 g/L |
| Pinoxaden 100 | Pinoxaden 100g/L |
| Puma | Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 76g/L + mefenpyr 18.8 g/L |
| Quizalofop | Quizalofop-p-ethyl 200g/L |
| Quizalofop | Quizalofop-p-ethyl(or tefuryl) 99.5g/L |
| Select | Clethodim 240g/L |
| Sertin 186 EC | Sethoxydim 186g/L |
| Topik 240 EC | Clodinafop-propargyl 240g/L |
| Tralkoxydim 400 | Tralkoxydim 400g/kg |
| Tristar Advance | Diclofop 250g/L + fenoxaprop 13g/L + mefenpyr 7g/L |
| Verdict 520 | Haloxyfop 520 g/L |
| Wildcat | Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 110g/L |
6 GENERAL DESCRIPTION:
Tristar® is a selective and translocated herbicide that is absorbed through both leaves and roots. Its main use is for controlling annual ryegrass and wild oats and suppressing annual phalaris in wheat, cereal rye and broadleaved crops and pastures. Toxicity to mammals and birds is low but it is toxic to fish. In land environments it presents few environmental hazards because of its low mobility in soil, low volatility, low toxicity and reasonably quick degradation in soil and water. Direct application to aquatic ecosystems should be avoided. Application to flood irrigated areas or similar may lead to contamination of water. Plants are likely to become resistant to Tristar® after repeated applications. The concentrate is flammable.7 APPLICATION METHODS AND TIPS:
Tristar® is normally applied in water with wetting agent as a post-emergence spray by boom sprays or aircraft. A droplet size of 200-300 microns is preferred to reduce drift but best results with finer droplets. It is most effective when applied to actively growing plants. Plants under drought stress are very difficult to kill with Tristar®. Ryegrass or wild oat plants in the two leaf stage are more susceptible to Tristar® than older or younger plants.11 COMPATIBILITY:
Hormonal herbicides such as 2,4-D are antagonistic. 2,4-D decreases the conversion from the ester to the active acid form, decreases translocation of Tristar®, increases the rate of detoxification and competes at the fatty acid synthesis level. Plants treated with 2,4-D up to two weeks before or after Tristar® application may less susceptible to Tristar®. MCPA antagonism is different and appears to be caused by reactions outside the plant. Whilst Tristar is approved for tankmixes with bromoxynil, MCPA ester, Tigrex®, Ally® and Glean®, some reduction in the grass killing ability should be expected. Recent work has shown that chlorsulfuron can reduce the level of grass control by up to 50%.14 HERBICIDE RESISTANCE:
Ryegrass and wild oats that are tolerant to Tristar® occur naturally at low levels. After four or five annual applications of Tristar® a significant level Tristar® tolerance would be expected if no other form of weed control was practiced.24 TOXICITY:
Mammalian toxicity - low.| Skin | - slightly irritating. |
| Birds | - low, LD50 4400 mg/kg (quail). | |
| Fish | - toxic. |
20 MODE OF ACTION:
Tristar® is absorbed through the foliage and roots of nearly all plants. In susceptible plants it is converted from the ester to the biologically active acid form. Typically, less than 10 per cent of this is translocated in the phloem and xylem to accumulate in the growing tips. Cell division and elongation are stopped resulting in the stunted appearance of treated plants. Membranes are disrupted giving a 'water soaked' appearance. Fatty acid synthesis is stopped resulting in the death of growing tips, hence leaves of treated grasses can be easily pulled from their sheaths. Plants tolerant to Tristar® appear to have a different fatty acid synthesis mechanism, degrade Tristar® more quickly and do not convert as much of the inactive ester to the active acid form.23 PLANT SYMPTOMS:
Annual ryegrass, wild oats and phalaris stop growing soon after application. The leaves take on a water soaked or oily appearance within a few days. About a week later, leaves become red-brown in colour and may be easily pulled from their sheaths before dying. Plants that recover have severely reduced root systems.27 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE:
Tristar® is strongly adsorbed on soils. Its solubility provides a slight risk for movement into ground water under extreme conditions. It is broken down in plants. In soil, microbes break down Tristar® with a half life of around 28 days. At higher pH and under anaerobic conditions the half life is increased. Tristar® is rapidly excreted from animals and does not move into milk or eggs. It is not degraded by light.33 REFERENCES:
Acknowledgments: